HVAC Licenses and Certifications: What You Need to Start a Business in the U.S.

Having an HVAC license is important, but the lack of a clear-cut process to obtain one in any given area of the U.S. means it’s easy to get lost in the maze of local and state laws. 

For instance, you can’t start an HVAC business in California unless you have at least 4 years of journeyman-level experience and a C-20 Warm-Air Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning license. If you move to Texas, you’ll have to start all over again as the state doesn’t recognize California-issued licenses and instead follows a tiered system of licensing (Class A or B contractor license). 

You’re probably eager to get started but may have little idea of where to start the licensing journey. Procedures and requirements vary by state, so having an accurate roadmap to follow can help you get licensed sooner. 

In this article, we’ll break down everything you need to know about HVAC licenses and certifications in the U.S.

Whether you’re thinking of starting your own HVAC business or already in the process of getting one established, we’ll guide you through the process, state by state. 

Key Takeaways

• Explore state-by-state HVAC licensing requirements and processes.
• Understand why HVAC licensing is crucial for legal compliance and business growth.
• Discover essential business licenses and tools, like HVAC software, to help streamline your operations.

Why Licensing Matters for Your HVAC Business

• Legal Compliance: Working without the appropriate license could lead to fines, shutdowns, or legal trouble.
• Customer Trust: A licensed HVAC business is more likely to gain the trust of clients who want assurance that the work will be performed by qualified professionals.
• Safety Standards: HVAC licenses ensure that your business follows safety protocols, reducing risks related to electrical systems, chemicals, and equipment.
• Business Growth: As you progress from journeyman to master technician, your business will have more opportunities to take on larger, more profitable projects.

Did You Know?

Starting an HVAC business in the U.S. without the proper license can lead to various penalties across states, typically involving fines, legal repercussions, and loss of business opportunities. Common penalties include:

• Fines: Most states impose significant fines, often ranging from $500 to $15,000, depending on the severity of the offense.
• Criminal Charges: In some states, unlicensed work is considered a misdemeanor or even a felony, resulting in potential jail time, particularly for repeat offenders.
• Loss of Legal Rights: Unlicensed contractors are often unable to sue clients for payment and may face cease-and-desist orders that force them to halt operations until they comply with licensing regulations.

What Licenses Do HVAC Businesses Need?

Depending on the state(s) in which you plan to operate, you may be required to obtain one or more HVAC-specific contractor licenses. 

For instance, states like Kentucky require an HVAC contractor license for any individual or any business offering HVAC services. This process typically includes submitting passport photos, proof of general liability insurance, obtaining a passing score on relevant exams, and paying an annual renewal fee in subsequent years, which can range from $150 to $375.

In other states, like North Dakota, HVAC contractors may need a general contractor license if the job exceeds $2,000 in value. This license also requires proof of general liability insurance and workers’ compensation coverage. The application fees vary based on the scale of the project, and licenses are usually renewed annually.

If your business focuses on residential HVAC work, you may need additional certifications or registrations. For example, in Pennsylvania, residential HVAC contractors must register as home improvement contractors with the state’s Office of the Attorney General, even though there’s no specific HVAC licensing requirement.

Using HVAC Software to Manage Your Business

Once licensed, managing your HVAC business involves much more than technical work. Job scheduling, employee time tracking, and job costing are all critical tasks that can be streamlined with HVAC business software like Workyard. 

The right software can help you:

• Efficiently schedule jobs and dispatch technicians.
• Track technician time, location, and mileage in real time. 
• Communicate effectively with the team about job progress. 
• Track technician performance and ensure regulatory compliance.

By leveraging HVAC software, you can focus on scaling your business while minimizing administrative headaches.

Try Workyard for free today so you can get your HVAC business up and running as soon as you get licensed. 

HVAC Contractor License Requirements and Processing by U.S. State

1. Alabama (AL)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Alabama requires HVAC contractors to be licensed through the Alabama Board of Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Contractors. To start an HVAC business, you’ll need an HVAC contractor license.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have at least 2 years of HVAC experience.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Apply through the Alabama Board.
2. Pass the exam covering trade knowledge and business regulations.
3. Submit insurance documentation.
4. Receive your license to legally operate your business.

d. Other Required Certifications
If handling refrigerants, EPA Section 608 Certification is required.

2. Alaska (AK)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Alaska requires HVAC contractors to be licensed through the Alaska Department of Commerce, Community, and Economic Development. HVAC professionals must obtain a Mechanical Contractor License to start and operate an HVAC business.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have at least 4 years of HVAC experience.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Obtain a bond and provide proof of liability insurance.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Apply through the Alaska Department of Commerce, Community, and Economic Development.
2. Pass the exam covering HVAC trade knowledge and business regulations.
3. Submit proof of bonding and insurance.
4. Receive your license to legally operate your business.

d. Other Required Certifications
If handling refrigerants, EPA Section 608 Certification is required.

3. Arizona (AZ)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Arizona requires HVAC contractors to be licensed through the Arizona Registrar of Contractors. HVAC professionals must obtain a C-39 (R) Refrigeration Contractor license to operate an HVAC business in the state.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 4 years of verifiable HVAC experience.
• Pass a background check.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Apply through the Arizona Registrar of Contractors.
2. Pass the exam covering trade knowledge and business regulations.
3. Submit proof of insurance.
4. Receive your license to legally operate your business.

d. Other Required Certifications
If handling refrigerants, EPA Section 608 Certification is required.

4. Arkansas (AR)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Arkansas requires HVAC contractors to be licensed through the Arkansas Department of Labor and Licensing. To start an HVAC business in Arkansas, you’ll need to obtain either a Class A (unlimited work) or Class B (residential/light commercial work) license.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for a license in Arkansas, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 2 years of experience working in HVAC for a Class B license, or more extensive experience for Class A.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Apply through the Arkansas Department of Labor and Licensing.
2. Pass the exam covering HVAC knowledge and Arkansas business regulations.
3. Submit proof of liability insurance.
4. Receive your license to operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
For any work involving refrigerants, the EPA Section 608 Certification is required.

5. California (CA)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?

Yes, in California, HVAC professionals who want to work as independent contractors or own their own business must obtain a state-issued license. Specifically, California requires HVAC contractors to hold the C-20 Warm-Air Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning Contractor License, which is issued by the Contractors State License Board (CSLB). This is necessary for any HVAC project valued at $500 or more, whether for labor or materials. 

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements.

To qualify for a C-20 HVAC contractor license, applicants must meet the following criteria:

• Age: Must be 18 years or older.
• Experience: Must have at least four years of journey-level (or higher) experience in HVAC installation, repair, or maintenance within the past ten years. This experience must be verified by a qualified individual, such as a licensed contractor, employer, or foreman.
• Education: No formal education is required, but technical training, apprenticeships, or on-the-job training can help meet the experience requirement.
• Examination: Must pass both the Law and Business exam and the Trade exam administered by the CSLB. These exams assess knowledge of state construction laws, business operations, and HVAC trade practices.

c. HVAC Licensing Process.

To get an HVAC license in California, follow these steps:

1. Gain Experience: Ensure you have at least four years of verifiable HVAC experience.
2. Submit an Application: Complete the C-20 license application on the CSLB website and submit the required documentation, including proof of experience and application fees.
3. Pass the Exams: Once your application is approved, schedule and pass the Law and Business and Trade exams. The CSLB provides study guides for both exams.
4. Submit Bond and Fees: After passing the exams, you must provide a $15,000 contractor’s bond and submit your initial licensing fee.
5. Receive Your License: After completing these steps, you’ll receive your C-20 contractor license.

d. Other Required Certifications.

In addition to the C-20 license, HVAC professionals handling refrigerants must obtain EPA Section 608 Certification. This federal requirement is enforced by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and ensures technicians are qualified to work with ozone-depleting substances like refrigerants. The certification has four levels, depending on the type of HVAC system you service.

6. Colorado (CO)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
No, Colorado does not have a statewide HVAC licensing requirement. Licensing is regulated at the local level by cities and counties. Some larger municipalities, like Denver and Colorado Springs, have specific licensing requirements for HVAC contractors, while other areas may not.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
Since Colorado’s licensing is regulated locally, qualifications will vary by city or county. Common requirements include:

• 3-5 years of work experience in HVAC.
• Completion of a vocational training program or apprenticeship.
• Proof of liability insurance for your HVAC business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Check local requirements: Research the specific licensing regulations in the city or county where you plan to operate.
2. Meet experience and training requirements: Ensure you meet local requirements, which may include passing a local HVAC exam.
3. Apply for a local license: Submit an application and any required documentation.
4. Provide insurance: Show proof of liability insurance if required.

d. Other Required Certifications
HVAC professionals handling refrigerants must obtain the EPA Section 608 Certification.

7. Connecticut (CT)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Connecticut requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection (DCP). To start an HVAC business, you’ll need either a D-1 Limited Contractor license or a D-2 Limited Journeyperson license, depending on the scope of work.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for a license in Connecticut, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 2 years of experience.
• Complete an approved apprenticeship program.
• Pass the state licensing exam.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Gain experience through an apprenticeship or verifiable work experience.
2. Apply for the appropriate license (D-1 or D-2) through the DCP.
3. Pass the exam covering HVAC trade knowledge and Connecticut business regulations.
4. Receive your license and start operating your HVAC business legally.

d. Other Required Certifications
If handling refrigerants, the EPA Section 608 Certification is required.

8. Delaware (DE)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Delaware requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Delaware Division of Professional Regulation. You’ll need either a Master HVACR or Master HVACR Restricted license, depending on the type of work you plan to perform.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC license in Delaware, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 7 years of HVAC experience (Master HVACR) 
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Gain experience: Ensure you meet the experience requirements for the license you seek.
2. Submit an application: Apply through the Delaware Division of Professional Regulation.
3. Pass the exam that covers HVAC knowledge and state-specific regulations.
4. Provide insurance documentation.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

9. Florida (FL)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?

Yes, Florida requires HVAC contractors to be licensed through the Florida Department of Business and Professional Regulation (DBPR). 

There are two types of HVAC licenses in Florida: Class A and Class B. 

A Class A license allows HVAC professionals to work on systems of any size throughout the state, while a Class B license limits the professional to systems with a maximum of 25 tons of cooling and 500,000 BTUs of heating.

There are also two classifications: Certified (statewide) and Registered (local). The Certified license allows you to work anywhere in Florida, while the Registered license is limited to specific local jurisdictions.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements

To qualify for a Certified HVAC license in Florida, applicants must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 4 years of experience as a technician or supervisor, or complete an accredited program and combine it with practical experience.
• Pass the state certification exam.
• Provide proof of financial stability and hold liability insurance.
• Submit to a background check.

For Registered licenses, the qualifications depend on local requirements in the specific county or municipality.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

To obtain a Certified HVAC contractor license in Florida, follow these steps:

1. Meet Experience Requirements: Complete the required 4 years of practical experience or a combination of education and experience.
2. Submit an Application: Apply for the Class A or B license through the DBPR website and pay the application fee (around $249).
3. Pass the Exam: Schedule and pass the Certified HVAC Contractor Exam, which consists of two parts: business and finance, and trade knowledge.
4. Provide Insurance: Submit proof of liability insurance and financial responsibility.
5. Receive Your License: Once all steps are completed, your Certified HVAC contractor license will be issued.

d. Other Required Certifications

In addition to the state license, technicians working with refrigerants must obtain EPA Section 608 Certification. This federal certification is required across the U.S. and ensures that HVAC professionals can handle refrigerants safely and legally.

10. Georgia (GA)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?

Yes, Georgia requires HVAC professionals to be licensed at the state level. 

The Georgia State Construction Industry Licensing Board issues two types of HVAC contractor licenses: Class I and Class II. 

The Class I license is for contractors working on systems with less than 175,000 BTU heating and less than 60,000 BTU cooling. The Class II license allows HVAC professionals to work on systems of any size, including commercial projects.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements

To qualify for an HVAC license in Georgia, applicants must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 4 years of experience working under a licensed HVAC contractor (Class II applicants must have experience on systems over 175,000 BTU).
• Complete a background check.
• Pass the state licensing exam, which includes trade knowledge and business law.
• Carry liability insurance (amount varies based on the license type).

c. HVAC Licensing Process

Here’s a general outline of the licensing process for Georgia:

1. Meet experience requirements: Ensure you have at least 4 years of HVAC experience.
2. Submit an application: Apply for the Class I or Class II HVAC license through the Georgia State Construction Industry Licensing Board.
3. Pass the exam: After the application is approved, take and pass the state exam for HVAC contractors.
4. Provide insurance: Show proof of liability insurance (the amount depends on the type of license).
5. Receive your license: Once all steps are completed, you will be issued the Class I or Class II license.

d. Other Required Certifications

HVAC professionals in Georgia must also obtain the EPA Section 608 Certification if they handle refrigerants. This is a federal requirement for anyone working with systems that use refrigerants.

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11. Hawaii (HI)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Hawaii requires HVAC contractors to be licensed through the Hawaii Department of Commerce and Consumer Affairs (DCCA). You’ll need a C-52 Ventilating and Air Conditioning Contractor license to perform HVAC work.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC license in Hawaii, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have at least 4 years of HVAC work experience.
• Pass the state licensing exam.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Gain experience: Accumulate the required 4 years of work experience.
2. Submit an application: Apply for the C-52 license through the DCCA.
3. Pass the exam that covers HVAC trade knowledge and state-specific business regulations.
4. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
HVAC contractors handling refrigerants must have EPA Section 608 Certification, as required by federal law.

12. Idaho (ID)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Idaho requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Idaho Division of Building Safety (DBS). Depending on your role, you’ll need either an HVAC Contractor or HVAC Journeyman license.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC license in Idaho, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 4 years of HVAC work experience (for Journeyman) or hold a Journeyman license (for Contractor).
• Pass the state licensing exam.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Meet experience requirements: Ensure you meet the required work experience for Journeyman or Contractor.
2. Submit an application: Apply through the Idaho Division of Building Safety.
3. Pass the exam that covers HVAC knowledge and Idaho regulations.
4. Receive your license to operate your HVAC business legally.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

13. Illinois (IL)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?

No, Illinois does not have a statewide HVAC licensing requirement. Similar to other states without statewide mandates, HVAC licensing in Illinois is regulated at the local level, with cities and counties setting their own rules. 

For instance, Chicago and other larger municipalities may have specific licensing or permit requirements, while many smaller areas may not.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements

Since there’s no statewide HVAC license in Illinois, qualifications depend on local authorities. Generally, areas that require licensing may ask for:

• Work experience in the HVAC trade (often 3-5 years)
• Completion of a recognized apprenticeship or vocational program
• Proof of insurance and bonding

Many areas without licensing mandates still expect HVAC contractors to follow local building codes and obtain permits for larger projects.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

Because there’s no statewide licensing in Illinois, the process will vary by locality. Here’s a general guide:

1. Check local requirements: Determine what’s needed in the city or county where you plan to work.
2. Gain necessary experience: In areas that require licensing, 3-5 years of HVAC experience is common.
3. Apply for local permits or licenses: If applicable, apply with any necessary documentation or fees.

d. Other Required Certifications

Regardless of local licensing rules, HVAC professionals who handle refrigerants must have EPA Section 608 Certification, which is federally required for anyone working with refrigerants.

14. Indiana (IN)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
No, Indiana does not have a statewide HVAC licensing requirement. Licensing and regulation are handled at the local level by cities and counties. Some municipalities, like Indianapolis, require local HVAC licenses, while other areas may not.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
Since HVAC licensing is regulated locally, qualifications will vary. Common requirements include:

• 3-5 years of HVAC work experience.
• Completion of an apprenticeship or vocational training program.
• Proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Check local requirements: Research the specific HVAC licensing regulations in the city or county where you plan to operate.
2. Meet experience and training requirements: Some areas may require you to pass a local exam.
3. Apply for a local license: Submit an application if your local jurisdiction requires a license.
4. Provide insurance: Submit proof of liability insurance as required.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, which is required by federal law.

15. Iowa (IA)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Iowa requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Iowa Department of Public Health (IDPH). To start an HVAC business in Iowa, you’ll need a Mechanical Contractor License.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in Iowa, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have at least 4 years of HVAC work experience.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Meet experience requirements: Ensure you have 4 years of verifiable HVAC experience.
2. Submit an application: Apply through the Iowa Department of Public Health.
3. Pass the exam covering HVAC knowledge and state regulations.
4. Provide proof of insurance.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

16. Kansas (KS)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
No, Kansas does not have a statewide HVAC licensing requirement. HVAC licensing and regulation are handled at the local level by cities and counties. Some cities, such as Wichita and Overland Park, have specific licensing requirements for HVAC contractors, while other areas may not.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
Since HVAC licensing is regulated locally, qualifications vary by city or county. Common requirements include:

• 3-5 years of HVAC work experience.
• Completion of an apprenticeship or vocational training program.
• Proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Check local requirements: Research the specific HVAC licensing regulations in the city or county where you plan to operate.
2. Meet experience and training requirements: Some localities may require passing a trade exam.
3. Apply for a local license: Submit an application and required documents to the local jurisdiction.
4. Provide insurance: Submit proof of liability insurance if required.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, which is mandated by federal law.

17. Kentucky (KY)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Kentucky requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Kentucky Department of Housing, Buildings, and Construction (HBC). You’ll need either a Master HVAC Contractor or Journeyman HVAC Mechanic license to operate an HVAC business.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in Kentucky, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 2 years of HVAC work experience for a Journeyman license or hold a Journeyman license for a Master HVAC Contractor license.
• Pass the state licensing exam.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Gain experience: Meet the work experience requirements for the type of license you are seeking.
2. Submit an application: Apply through the Kentucky HBC.
3. Pass the exam covering HVAC knowledge and Kentucky regulations.
4. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, which is mandated by federal law.

18. Louisiana (LA)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Louisiana requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Louisiana State Licensing Board for Contractors (LSLBC). You’ll need a Commercial Mechanical Contractor license to operate an HVAC business.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in Louisiana, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 4 years of HVAC work experience.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Meet experience requirements: Accumulate at least 4 years of verifiable work experience.
2. Submit an application: Apply through the Louisiana State Licensing Board for Contractors.
3. Pass the licensing exam that covers HVAC trade knowledge and Louisiana regulations.
4. Provide proof of insurance.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, which is mandated by federal law.

19. Maine (ME)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
No, Maine does not have a statewide HVAC licensing requirement. HVAC licensing is regulated at the local level by cities and counties. Some areas may require HVAC professionals to obtain local licenses, while others may not.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
Since HVAC licensing is handled locally, qualifications vary by jurisdiction. Common requirements include:

• 3-5 years of HVAC work experience.
• Completion of an apprenticeship or vocational training program.
• Proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Check local requirements: Research the specific HVAC licensing regulations in the city or county where you plan to operate.
2. Meet experience and training requirements: Ensure you meet local experience and education requirements.
3. Apply for a local license: Submit an application if a license is required in your area.
4. Provide proof of insurance if necessary.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, which is mandated by federal law.

20. Maryland (MD)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Maryland requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Maryland Board of Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Contractors. You’ll need either a Master HVACR, Master Restricted HVACR, or Journeyman HVACR license, depending on your business’s scope of work.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in Maryland, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 3-4 years of HVAC work experience depending on the license type.
• Pass the state licensing exam.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Meet experience requirements: Ensure you have the required years of work experience.
2. Submit an application: Apply for the appropriate license through the Maryland Board.
3. Pass the exam that covers HVAC trade knowledge and Maryland regulations.
4. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

Further Readings

Read more about HVAC:

1. HVAC Industry Trends and Outlook for 2025
2. The 7 Best HVAC Software Solutions for 2024
3. HVAC Technician Job Description: Skills, Background, and More (w/ Job Post Template!)
4. HVAC Tools and Equipment: 56 Things Your Business Needs
5. HVAC Installer Job Description: Skills, Background, and More (w/ Job Post Template!)
6. HVAC Training: The Best Courses and Schools for HVAC Careers
7. HVAC Marketing: 19 Fresh Ideas to Build Your Business in 2025

21. Massachusetts (MA)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Massachusetts requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Massachusetts Board of State Examiners of Plumbers and Gas Fitters. You’ll need a Refrigeration Contractor license to operate an HVAC business.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in Massachusetts, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have completed at least 2,000 hours of HVAC work.
• Complete an approved apprenticeship or vocational training program.
• Pass the state licensing exam.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Gain experience: Ensure you meet the experience and education requirements.
2. Submit an application: Apply through the Massachusetts Board of State Examiners.
3. Pass the exam that covers HVAC knowledge and Massachusetts-specific regulations.
4. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
If handling refrigerants, EPA Section 608 Certification is required by federal law.

22. Michigan (MI)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Michigan requires HVAC contractors to be licensed through the Michigan Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs (LARA). You’ll need a Mechanical Contractor license to operate an HVAC business in the state.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in Michigan, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 3 years of HVAC experience in the specific work classifications you’re applying for.
• Pass the state licensing exam.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Gain experience: Accumulate the required 3 years of work experience.
2. Submit an application: Apply for the Mechanical Contractor license through LARA.
3. Pass the exam that covers trade knowledge and Michigan-specific regulations.
4. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

23. Minnesota (MN)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Minnesota requires HVAC professionals to be registered as an HVAC contractor with the Minnesota Department of Labor and Industry (DLI). However, a separate license is not required specifically for HVAC work unless it involves electrical or plumbing tasks, which require additional certifications.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To register as an HVAC contractor in Minnesota, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have bonding and insurance that meets state requirements.
• If performing electrical work, obtain an Electrical Contractor License.
• If performing plumbing work, obtain a Plumbing Contractor License.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Submit an application: Register as an HVAC contractor with the Minnesota DLI, ensuring your business is properly bonded and insured.
2. Meet additional licensing requirements if your business handles electrical or plumbing work, which involves separate exams and certifications.
3. Receive your registration to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

24. Mississippi (MS)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Mississippi requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Mississippi State Board of Contractors (MSBOC). You will need a Commercial or Residential Contractor license depending on the size and type of projects you plan to undertake. A license is required for projects over $10,000 for residential work or $50,000 for commercial work.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in Mississippi, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 3 years of HVAC work experience.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Submit an application: Apply for the appropriate license through the Mississippi State Board of Contractors.
2. Pass the exam: Take and pass the exam covering HVAC trade knowledge and Mississippi-specific regulations.
3. Provide proof of insurance and bonding as required.
4. Receive your license: Once you pass the exam and meet all requirements, you’ll receive your contractor license to operate your HVAC business legally.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, which is mandated by federal law.

25. Missouri (MO)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
No, Missouri does not have a statewide HVAC licensing requirement. Licensing is regulated at the local level by cities and counties. Cities like St. Louis and Kansas City require HVAC contractors to be licensed, while other areas may not have formal licensing requirements.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
Since licensing is regulated locally, the qualifications vary by city or county. Common requirements include:

• 3-5 years of work experience in HVAC.
• Completion of an apprenticeship or vocational training program.
• Proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Check local requirements: Research the specific HVAC licensing regulations in the city or county where you plan to operate.
2. Meet experience and training requirements: Ensure you meet the local jurisdiction’s requirements, which may include passing a local exam.
3. Apply for a local license: Submit your application to the appropriate local authority.
4. Provide proof of insurance if required.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

26. Montana (MT)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
No, Montana does not have a statewide HVAC licensing requirement. HVAC contractors are regulated at the local level by cities and counties. Some areas may require a local license, while others may not.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
Since licensing is regulated locally, qualifications will vary depending on the jurisdiction. Common requirements include:

• 3-5 years of HVAC work experience.
• Completion of an apprenticeship or vocational training program.
• Proof of liability insurance for your HVAC business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Check local requirements: Research the specific HVAC licensing requirements in the city or county where you plan to work.
2. Meet experience and training requirements: Ensure you meet any local requirements, which may include passing a local exam.
3. Apply for a local license: Submit an application if your local jurisdiction requires it.
4. Provide proof of insurance if needed.

d. Other Required Certifications
HVAC professionals handling refrigerants must have EPA Section 608 Certification, as required by federal law.

27. Nebraska (NE)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
No, Nebraska does not have a statewide HVAC licensing requirement. HVAC licensing is handled at the local level by cities and counties. Cities such as Omaha and Lincoln require HVAC contractors to obtain a local license, while other areas may not have formal requirements.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
Since HVAC licensing is regulated locally, qualifications will depend on the jurisdiction. Common requirements include:

• 3-5 years of HVAC work experience.
• Completion of an apprenticeship or vocational training program.
• Proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Check local requirements: Research the licensing requirements in the city or county where you plan to operate.
2. Meet experience and training requirements: Local authorities may require specific qualifications or a local exam.
3. Apply for a local license: Submit your application to the local governing body if needed.
4. Provide proof of insurance where required.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

28. Nevada (NV)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Nevada requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Nevada State Contractors Board (NSCB). You’ll need a C-21 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Contractor license to perform HVAC work.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in Nevada, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have at least 4 years of experience in HVAC.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Meet experience requirements: Accumulate 4 years of work experience in HVAC.
2. Submit an application: Apply through the Nevada State Contractors Board (NSCB).
3. Pass the exam: Take and pass the state licensing exam.
4. Provide insurance documentation: Submit proof of liability insurance.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

29. New Hampshire (NH)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
No, New Hampshire does not have a statewide HVAC licensing requirement. HVAC licensing is regulated at the local level by cities and towns. Some areas may require HVAC contractors to hold a local license, while others may not.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
Since HVAC licensing is regulated locally, qualifications depend on the jurisdiction. Common requirements include:

• 3-5 years of HVAC work experience.
• Completion of an apprenticeship or vocational training program.
• Proof of liability insurance for your HVAC business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Check local requirements: Research the specific HVAC licensing regulations in the city or town where you plan to operate.
2. Meet experience and training requirements: Verify any local education or work experience requirements.
3. Apply for a local license: Submit your application if required in your area.
4. Provide insurance documentation if applicable.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

30. New Jersey (NJ)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, New Jersey requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the New Jersey Board of Examiners of Heating, Ventilating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Contractors. You will need a Master HVACR Contractor license to operate an HVAC business in the state.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in New Jersey, you must:

• Be at least 21 years old.
• Have 5 years of HVAC work experience (or equivalent education).
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Gain experience: Ensure you meet the 5-year experience requirement or equivalent education credits.
2. Submit an application: Apply through the New Jersey Board of Examiners of HVACR Contractors.
3. Pass the exam: Take and pass the licensing exam covering HVAC trade knowledge and New Jersey regulations.
4. Provide proof of insurance.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

31. New Mexico (NM)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, New Mexico requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the New Mexico Regulation and Licensing Department (NMRLD). You will need a Mechanical Contractor (MM-98) license to operate an HVAC business in the state.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in New Mexico, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 2 years of work experience (minimum) in HVAC.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Gain experience: Accumulate at least 2 years of verifiable HVAC experience.
2. Submit an application: Apply for the Mechanical Contractor (MM-98) license through the New Mexico Regulation and Licensing Department.
3. Pass the exam: Take and pass the licensing exam that covers HVAC trade knowledge and New Mexico regulations.
4. Provide proof of insurance.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

32. New York (NY)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
No, New York does not have a statewide HVAC licensing requirement. HVAC licensing is regulated at the local level by cities and counties. Major cities like New York City, Buffalo, and Albany require HVAC contractors to be licensed, but requirements vary across the state.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
Since HVAC licensing is regulated locally, qualifications depend on the city or county. Common requirements include:

• 3-5 years of HVAC work experience.
• Completion of an apprenticeship or vocational training program.
• Proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Check local requirements: Research the HVAC licensing requirements in the city or county where you plan to operate.
2. Meet experience and training requirements: Local jurisdictions may require you to pass an exam or meet certain work experience requirements.
3. Apply for a local license: Submit your application to the local governing body if a license is required.
4. Provide proof of insurance if applicable.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

33. North Carolina (NC)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, North Carolina requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the North Carolina State Board of Examiners of Plumbing, Heating, and Fire Sprinkler Contractors (NC Licensing Board). You will need a H-1, H-2, or H-3 Mechanical Contractor license, depending on the type of HVAC work you plan to do.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in North Carolina, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have at least 2 years of work experience for H-2 and H-3 licenses, or 4 years for H-1.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Gain experience: Accumulate the required years of work experience for the license type you need.
2. Submit an application: Apply through the North Carolina State Board of Examiners.
3. Pass the exam: Take and pass the licensing exam covering HVAC knowledge and North Carolina regulations.
4. Provide proof of insurance.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

34. North Dakota (ND)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
No, North Dakota does not have a statewide HVAC licensing requirement. Licensing and regulation are handled at the local level by cities and counties. Some cities, such as Fargo and Bismarck, may have specific licensing requirements, while other areas may not.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
Since licensing is regulated locally, qualifications will vary depending on the jurisdiction. Common requirements include:

• 3-5 years of HVAC work experience.
• Completion of an apprenticeship or vocational training program.
• Proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Check local requirements: Research the specific HVAC licensing regulations in the city or county where you plan to operate.
2. Meet experience and training requirements: Ensure you meet any local requirements for work experience or education.
3. Apply for a local license: Submit an application if your local jurisdiction requires one.
4. Provide proof of insurance if applicable.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

35. Ohio (OH)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Ohio requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Ohio Construction Industry Licensing Board (OCILB). You will need an HVAC Contractor license to operate your HVAC business for commercial projects in the state. Residential-only contractors do not require a state license but may need local registration.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in Ohio, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 5 years of work experience in HVAC as a journeyman.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance and a $500,000 surety bond.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Gain experience: Ensure you meet the 5-year experience requirement as a journeyman.
2. Submit an application: Apply through the Ohio Construction Industry Licensing Board (OCILB).
3. Pass the exam: Take and pass the state licensing exam covering trade knowledge and Ohio business regulations.
4. Provide proof of insurance and bonding.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

36. Oklahoma (OK)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Oklahoma requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Oklahoma Construction Industries Board (CIB). You will need either a Mechanical Contractor or Mechanical Journeyman license to operate your HVAC business, depending on the level of work you plan to perform.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in Oklahoma, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 4 years of work experience under a licensed HVAC contractor for a Mechanical Journeyman license.
• Hold a Mechanical Journeyman license to qualify for the Mechanical Contractor license.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Gain experience: Ensure you have the necessary work experience or licensing, depending on whether you’re applying for a Journeyman or Contractor license.
2. Submit an application: Apply through the Oklahoma Construction Industries Board (CIB).
3. Pass the exam: Take and pass the state licensing exam covering HVAC knowledge and Oklahoma regulations.
4. Provide proof of insurance.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

37. Oregon (OR)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Oregon requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Oregon Construction Contractors Board (CCB). HVAC contractors in Oregon may obtain a Limited Maintenance Specialty Contractor HVAC/R license, which allows them to maintain, service, repair, or replace commercial and industrial electrical products related to heating, refrigeration, or air conditioning systems.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for the Limited Maintenance Specialty Contractor HVAC/R license in Oregon, you must:

• Employ or be a licensed Class A or Class B Limited Energy Technician.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance and a surety bond.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Employ or become a Limited Energy Technician: You or your business must employ a Class A or Class B Limited Energy Technician or hold the license yourself.
2. Submit an application: Apply for the HVAC/R Limited Maintenance Specialty Contractor license through the Oregon Construction Contractors Board (CCB).
3. Pass the exam: Take and pass the exam covering HVAC trade knowledge and Oregon regulations.
4. Provide proof of insurance and bonding.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business in the state.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

38. Pennsylvania (PA)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
No, Pennsylvania does not have a statewide HVAC licensing requirement. HVAC licensing is regulated at the local level by cities and counties. Cities like Philadelphia and Pittsburgh require HVAC contractors to be licensed, while other areas may have minimal or no licensing requirements.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
Since licensing is regulated locally, qualifications will vary based on the city or county. Common requirements include:

• 3-5 years of HVAC work experience.
• Completion of an apprenticeship or vocational training program.
• Proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Check local requirements: Research the HVAC licensing regulations in the city or county where you plan to operate.
2. Meet experience and training requirements: Verify the local jurisdiction’s specific requirements, which may include passing a local licensing exam.
3. Apply for a local license: Submit an application with the local authority if required.
4. Provide proof of insurance as needed.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

39. Rhode Island (RI)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Rhode Island requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Rhode Island Department of Labor and Training (DLT) and registered with the Contractors’ Registration and Licensing Board. 

Contractors can obtain licenses such as Sheet Metal Technician, Refrigeration/Air Conditioning Technician, or Pipefitter, with both Journeyperson and Master-level options available.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements

• Sheet Metal Technician: Requires completion of an apprenticeship and passing an exam (Journeyperson Class I: 4 years; Journeyperson Class II: 4,000 hours).
• Refrigeration/Air Conditioning Technician: Requires completion of an apprenticeship and passing an exam (Journeyperson Class I: 10,000 hours; Journeyperson Class II: 4,000 hours).
• Pipefitter Technician: Similar requirements as above (Journeyperson Class I: 10,000 hours; Journeyperson Class II: 4,000 hours).

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Complete an apprenticeship.
2. Apply and pass the exam for your desired license (Journeyperson or Master).
3. Register with the state to operate legally.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification.

40. South Carolina (SC)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, South Carolina requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the South Carolina Department of Labor, Licensing and Regulation (LLR). You’ll need either a Mechanical Contractor or Residential Specialty Contractor license, depending on the scope of work.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in South Carolina, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 2 years of HVAC work experience for residential work, or more for commercial projects.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Meet experience requirements: Accumulate the necessary experience for your license type (Residential or Mechanical).
2. Submit an application: Apply for your HVAC license through the South Carolina LLR.
3. Pass the exam: Take and pass the licensing exam covering HVAC knowledge and South Carolina regulations.
4. Provide proof of insurance.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

41. South Dakota (SD)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
No, South Dakota does not have a statewide HVAC licensing requirement. HVAC licensing is regulated at the local level by cities and counties. Some municipalities may require HVAC contractors to obtain local licenses, while others may not.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
Since HVAC licensing is handled locally, qualifications vary depending on the jurisdiction. Common requirements include:

• 3-5 years of HVAC work experience.
• Completion of an apprenticeship or vocational training program.
• Proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Check local requirements: Research the city or county where you plan to operate to determine if an HVAC license is required.
2. Meet experience and training requirements: Verify local jurisdiction requirements.
3. Apply for a local license: Submit an application if your area requires a license.
4. Provide proof of insurance if applicable.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

42. Tennessee (TN)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Tennessee requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Tennessee Department of Commerce and Insurance, Board for Licensing Contractors. Contractors must obtain a Mechanical Contractor license for projects over $25,000 or a Limited Licensed Electrician (LLE) license for smaller HVAC projects under $25,000.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in Tennessee, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 3 years of HVAC work experience.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Meet experience requirements: Accumulate at least 3 years of HVAC work experience.
2. Submit an application: Apply for the Mechanical Contractor or LLE license through the Tennessee Board for Licensing Contractors.
3. Pass the exam: Take and pass the state licensing exam covering HVAC knowledge and Tennessee business regulations.
4. Provide proof of insurance.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

43. Texas (TX)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Texas requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation (TDLR). You will need a Class A or Class B Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Contractor license, depending on the size and type of HVAC systems you plan to work on.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in Texas, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 4 years of HVAC work experience under the supervision of a licensed contractor.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Meet experience requirements: Accumulate 4 years of work experience under a licensed HVAC contractor.
2. Submit an application: Apply through the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation (TDLR).
3. Pass the exam: Take and pass the state licensing exam for the Class A or Class B license.
4. Provide proof of insurance.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

44. Utah (UT)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Utah requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Utah Division of Occupational and Professional Licensing (DOPL). You will need a S350 HVAC Contractor license to legally perform HVAC work.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in Utah, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have four years of work experience or a combination of education and experience.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance and a $300,000 surety bond.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Meet experience requirements: Ensure you have at least 4 years of HVAC experience or an approved equivalent.
2. Submit an application: Apply for the S350 HVAC Contractor license through the Utah DOPL.
3. Pass the exam: Take and pass the state licensing exam covering HVAC knowledge and Utah business regulations.
4. Provide proof of insurance and bonding.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

45. Vermont (VT)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
No, Vermont does not have a statewide HVAC licensing requirement. Licensing is regulated at the local level by cities and towns. Some municipalities may require HVAC contractors to obtain local licenses, while others may not.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
Since HVAC licensing is handled locally, qualifications vary by jurisdiction. Common requirements include:

• 3-5 years of HVAC work experience.
• Completion of an apprenticeship or vocational training program.
• Proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Check local requirements: Research the HVAC licensing regulations in the city or town where you plan to operate.
2. Meet experience and training requirements: Verify any local requirements for work experience or education.
3. Apply for a local license: Submit your application if your local jurisdiction requires one.
4. Provide proof of insurance if necessary.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

46. Virginia (VA)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Virginia requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Virginia Department of Professional and Occupational Regulation (DPOR). You will need a Contractor’s License with a specific HVAC classification, such as Class A, Class B, or Class C, depending on the size of the projects you plan to work on.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in Virginia, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Meet the experience requirements (Class A: 5 years, Class B: 3 years, Class C: 2 years).
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Meet experience requirements: Accumulate the necessary years of work experience based on the class of license.
2. Submit an application: Apply through the Virginia DPOR for the appropriate license class (A, B, or C).
3. Pass the exam: Take and pass the licensing exam covering HVAC trade knowledge and Virginia-specific regulations.
4. Provide proof of insurance.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

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47. Washington (WA)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Washington requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Washington State Department of Labor and Industries (L&I). You will need an Electrical HVAC/R (06A) or Mechanical Contractor license, depending on the type of HVAC work you plan to do.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in Washington, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have at least 2-4 years of work experience, depending on the license type.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Meet experience requirements: Accumulate the necessary work experience for your chosen license (06A or Mechanical Contractor).
2. Submit an application: Apply for the appropriate license through the Washington Department of Labor and Industries (L&I).
3. Pass the exam: Take and pass the licensing exam covering HVAC trade knowledge and Washington regulations.
4. Provide proof of insurance.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

48. West Virginia (WV)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, West Virginia requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the West Virginia Division of Labor. You will need an HVAC Technician or HVAC Contractor license, depending on the scope of work and your level of experience.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor license in West Virginia, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have 2 years of work experience as an HVAC technician.
• Pass the state licensing exam.
• Provide proof of liability insurance.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Meet experience requirements: Gain the required 2 years of experience working as an HVAC technician.
2. Submit an application: Apply for your HVAC license through the West Virginia Division of Labor.
3. Pass the exam: Take and pass the licensing exam covering HVAC trade knowledge and West Virginia-specific regulations.
4. Provide proof of insurance.
5. Receive your license to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

49. Wisconsin (WI)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
Yes, Wisconsin requires HVAC contractors to be licensed by the Wisconsin Department of Safety and Professional Services (DSPS). You will need an HVAC Contractor registration to operate your business legally in the state.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
To qualify for an HVAC contractor registration in Wisconsin, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old.
• Have qualifying work experience or education related to HVAC.
• Pass the state licensing exam if required by your local jurisdiction.
• Provide proof of liability insurance.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Meet experience or education requirements: Ensure you have the necessary HVAC work experience or formal education.
2. Submit an application: Apply for HVAC contractor registration through the Wisconsin DSPS.
3. Pass the exam (if required): Take and pass the exam, depending on your local jurisdiction’s requirements.
4. Provide proof of insurance.
5. Receive your registration to legally operate your HVAC business.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

50. Wyoming (WY)

a. Is HVAC Licensing Required?
No, Wyoming does not have a statewide HVAC licensing requirement. HVAC licensing is regulated at the local level by cities and counties. Some municipalities, such as Cheyenne and Casper, may require HVAC contractors to obtain local licenses, while others may not.

b. Licensing Qualifications & Requirements
Since HVAC licensing is regulated locally, qualifications will vary based on the city or county. Common requirements include:

• 3-5 years of HVAC work experience.
• Completion of an apprenticeship or vocational training program.
• Proof of liability insurance for your business.

c. HVAC Licensing Process

1. Check local requirements: Research the specific HVAC licensing regulations in the city or county where you plan to operate.
2. Meet experience and training requirements: Ensure you meet any local qualifications, such as work experience or exams.
3. Apply for a local license: Submit your application to the local governing authority if required.
4. Provide proof of insurance if needed.

d. Other Required Certifications
Handling refrigerants requires EPA Section 608 Certification, as mandated by federal law.

HVAC License Reciprocity by U.S. State

HVAC license reciprocity refers to an agreement between two or more states allowing licensed HVAC technicians to work across state lines without obtaining a separate license in each state. 

Reciprocity simplifies the licensing process for professionals who want to work in multiple states, especially those near state borders or who frequently travel for work.

Essentially, if your state has a reciprocity agreement with another state, you may skip the lengthy process of applying for a new HVAC license. However, it’s important to remember that even with reciprocity agreements, you’ll often need to meet some state-specific requirements, such as passing a local law exam or paying a fee.

Here are the key things you need to know when working in another state: 

• Not All States Have Reciprocity Agreements: Some states do not recognize out-of-state licenses at all. In these cases, you’ll need to go through the full licensing process, including training, experience verification, and exams.
• Check for Specific Requirements: Even with reciprocity, each state may impose its own requirements. For example, you may need to pass an exam on local building codes or laws, provide proof of insurance, or pay a fee.
• Partial vs. Full Reciprocity: Some states have partial reciprocity agreements, which means they may waive some—but not all—requirements. For instance, they might waive the technical exam but still require you to pass a business law exam or meet a minimum number of work hours.
• Renewal Requirements: Just because you can work in another state with your current license doesn’t mean you’re exempt from renewal rules. You may still need to follow the license renewal requirements in both your home state and the state where you’re working.

How Each U.S. State Deals with Reciprocity

States handle reciprocity in different ways. Below is a general overview of how various states approach HVAC license reciprocity:

1. Full Reciprocity: Some states, like Georgia and South Carolina, have full reciprocity agreements. This means if you hold a license in one state, you can work in the other without additional requirements.
2. Partial Reciprocity: States like Tennessee and Louisiana have partial reciprocity. They may waive certain requirements (e.g., experience verification), but you’ll still need to pass a business law exam or meet other conditions.
3. No Reciprocity: Many states, including California, Texas, and Florida, do not have any formal reciprocity agreements. If you want to work in one of these states, you must complete their full licensing process, regardless of your existing qualifications.
4. Local Licensing Requirements: States like New York and Illinois have no statewide reciprocity agreements but leave the decision to local jurisdictions. This means you’ll need to check with the specific city or county where you plan to work.

Wrapping Up 

Securing the proper licensing is a critical step for any HVAC professional aiming to start and grow a successful business. Whether your state requires a statewide HVAC contractor license or local certifications, it’s important to understand the exact rules for your location. 

If you plan to expand your business across state lines, look into reciprocity agreements, but always verify additional requirements like exams or paperwork.

To ensure your business operates smoothly:

• Research Licensing Requirements: Check if your state requires an HVAC contractor license and verify any reciprocity agreements for working in multiple states.
• Meet Experience and Training Standards: Fulfill the necessary education or apprenticeship and gather the required hands-on experience.
• Keep Your License Current: Stay aware of renewal deadlines and continuing education to maintain your credentials.

By following these steps and staying informed, you’ll position your HVAC business for long-term growth and success. For specific licensing details, consult your state’s licensing board or official state resources.