What is Type V Construction?

Type V construction is the least restrictive and most common construction type under the International Building Code (IBC), primarily used for residential structures such as single-family homes, townhouses, and small apartment buildings. 

This type of construction allows for the use of any materials permitted by code, but it is typically characterized by light-framed wood construction, making it more economical and faster to build compared to other types. 

However, it is also the most combustible due to its reliance on wood framing.

Type V construction is divided into two subcategories:  

Type V-A (Protected): Requires fire-rated building elements, such as walls, floors, and ceilings, to meet specific fire-resistance standards. This is often used for multifamily dwellings like apartments where fire separation between units is necessary.  

Type V-B (Unprotected): Does not require fire-resistance ratings for structural elements, making it the most basic and cost-effective option. It is commonly used for single-family homes and garages.

While Type V construction is versatile and budget-friendly, its lower fire resistance limits its use in larger or more complex buildings. 

Fire safety measures like sprinklers and fire-rated barriers are often added to enhance safety in these structures.

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